1. Illustrator Symbols Library

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Let us learn how symbols work, and how to create them.

Create Symbols in the Symbol Panel

All you do is open the Symbols panel, and then drag the symbol that you want into your document.

However, you can also create symbols.

If you are using an object often, you should turn it into a symbol that will be stored in the symbol panel.

Let us learn to create a symbol using our bear that we drew in Illustrator.

We have grouped all the objects together that we used to draw this bear.

Now, go to the Symbol panel by going to Window>Symbols.

Select your object, and then click New Symbol in the Symbols panel.

Select a name for the symbol and the type, either movie clip or graphic.

Select your options.

Click OK when you are finished.

As you can see, our bear is now a symbol.

To place him in our document, we just drag the him from the panel to our artboard.

Now we have two bears, and it was easy.

The Symbols Libraries

You do not have to create symbols if you do not want. However, it is an easy way to duplicate objects that you use or create. Illustrator offers plenty of built-in symbols that you can use as well. These are stored in the Symbols Libraries.

To access the libraries, click the libraries button at the bottom left corner of the Symbols panel, .

You will then see the different categories of symbols.

You can select a category to see the different symbols within the category. We have selected Nature.

To move a symbol from the library to the Symbols panel, simply click on it. It then appears in the panel.

Delete Symbols

As well as creating symbols, you can also delete them.

To delete a symbol, click on it in the panel, and then click the delete button. It looks like this, . It is located at the bottom of the panel.

You would not be able to delete it if you have instances in your document.

If you do not have any instances, confirm that you want to delete it.

Create a Symbols Library

In addition to creating individual symbols, you can also create your own library.

Put the symbols that you want to save in your library in the Symbols panel. Get rid of any that you do not want to save to your library.

Next, go to the Symbols Libraries button, click it, and select Save Symbols from the dropdown menu.

Enter a name for the library, then click Save.

Duplicate and Edit Existing Symbols

As well as creating new symbols and using the Symbols Libraries, you can also duplicate an existing symbol, edit it to make changes, and then use the new version as a symbol too.

First, select the symbol that you want to duplicate in the Symbols panel. We were going to select the bug from the Symbols panel.

Click and drag the symbol to the New Symbol button.

There are now two instances of the symbol in the Symbols panel.

Next, click the Symbol Options button .

Set your options and click OK.

The two symbols are still identical. If you want to edit the new symbol, drag it to an artboard.

Now click Break Link to Symbol in the Symbols panel.

You can now edit the symbol.

Editing a Symbol

To edit a symbol, double click the symbol in the Symbols panel that you want to edit. Do not click the name in the library. Double click the actual symbol in the panel.

The symbol is now isolated in your document.

A gray bar appears above the document area that lets you know that you have the symbol in what is called Isolation Mode so you can edit it.

Now, make the changes that you want to the symbol.

Click the arrow in the gray bar to exit Isolation Mode.

Using the Symbol Sprayer Tool

Think of the Symbol Sprayer as a paint sprayer. You can spray multiple instances of a symbol onto an artboard at once. Then, all the instances that you spray will be grouped together in a bounding box so that you can move or resize the box.

Illustrator Symbols Library

To use the Symbol Sprayer, go to the toolbox. The Symbol Sprayer looks like this,

Select the symbol from the panel that you want to use, and then click the Symbol Sprayer.

Now, you can hold down your mouse to spray unlimited instances of the symbol onto your document.

In addition, you can just click on the artboard where you want the symbol to be.

When symbols are grouped together in a bounding box, like shown above, it is called a symbol set.

The Symbol Shifter Tool

The Symbol Shifter tool lets you alter the attributes of a symbol set.

The Symbol Shifter tool is grouped with the Symbol Sprayer tool. It looks like this, .

Select the symbol set, then click on the Symbol Shifter tool

Drag to shift the direction of the instances inside the symbol set.

Here is our before picture.

Here is our after picture.

The Symbol Sizer Tool

The Symbol Sizer tool lets you resize instances of a symbol within the set. It looks like this, .

To use it, click on the Symbol Sizer tool, and then click or drag the tool over an instance of a symbol within a set.

The Symbol Spinner Tool

The Symbol Spinner tool lets you change the orientation of an instance within a symbol set.

Click on the tool, and then click on a symbol instance. You will see directional arrows.

Adjust the symbol's orientation, and then release the mouse.

All the symbol tools work with your symbol sets in the same way. They just offer different results and effects.

The Other Symbol Tools

The other symbol tools are as listed.

The Symbol Stainer Tool allows you to recolor individual symbols within a set. The tool looks like this,

The Symbol Screener Tool lets you make symbol instances more transparent.

The Symbol Styler Tool allows you to apply graphics styles to instances.

Outputting Your Work

All documents and files that you save in Illustrator are automatically saved in Illustrator format, or AI. However, you have several options when saving your work.

If you just want to save your work in Illustrator format so that you can come back later and work on it, go to File>Save. Illustrator will save it under its current name, or give it the default Adobe file name 'Untitled-1' if it's the first untitled file you have saved. Otherwise, it might be Untitled-2 or Untitled-3, and so on.

If you want to name or rename your file, or save it in another format (other than AI), go to File>Save As.

First, choose the location on your computer where you want to save the file in the Save In field.

Next, you can enter a name for your file.

You can also specify the type of file that you want it to save as in the Save As Type field.

Here are your choices.

Exporting Your Work

You can export files to other file formats and programs, as well. Go to File>Export.

Choose where you want to save the exported file, just as we did with Save As.

Enter a name for the file in the File Name Field.

Then select the type.

You will then be taken to export options. We have shown the options for AutoCAD below.

If you do not know the options that you want to use, you can use Illustrator's default options, and then click OK. However, if you are exporting to a file, you should know the options that you need based on the file you have created.

Save for Web and Devices

To save your files for the web or mobile devices, go to File>Save for Web.

Above is the Save for Web options window.

The first thing you have to decide is if you want to view the pages that you are going to save as Original, Optimized, or 2-Up. This allows you to view the document in different layouts.

Now, click one of the sample images to change its format. Our sample image above is in GIF format, as highlighted in red below:

Click the downward arrow in the Preset category and select a new format from the options.

Now click the Optimized File Format downward arrow and select one of the options, GIF, JPEG, PNG-8, or PNG-24.

You can use the Image Size section to change the image's height and width. You can also make other image adjustments.

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In addition, use the Color Table section that is available for GIF and PNG-8 formats to add, subtract, or edit colors.

Click Save when you are finished.

Enter a name for the file, as well as the location to save it. Then click Save.

Printing Your Work

To print your document go to File>Print. You will see the Print Options window, as shown below.

First, go to the Print Preset downward arrow, and select a preset.

Then, go to the Printer list downward arrow. Choose the printer that you want to use.

Now click the PPD list. Select a PPD if one is available. A PPD is a PostScript Printer Description.

Next, select a print category, General, Marks and Bleed, Output, Graphics, Color Management, or Advanced. These choices appear on the left.

Set your print options for each category by clicking on a category.

General is shown below.

If we click on Marks and Bleed, the options for Marks and Bleed are displayed.

You can use the navigation buttons to preview the pages to print.

If you move your mouse over the document in the Print options window, the Hand tool will appear and you can move the document around.

When you are finished selecting options, click Print.

A symbol is an art object that you can reuse in a document. For example, if you create a symbol from a flower, you can then add instances of that symbol multiple times to your artwork without actually adding the complex art multiple times. Each symbol instance is linked to the symbol in the Symbols panel or to a symbols library. Using symbols can save you time and greatly reduce file size.

With Dynamic Symbols, symbols can share a master shape but different instances of the symbol can have dynamically modified appearances. If the master shape is modified, symbol instances receive the new modification, but maintain their own modifications as well.

Symbols also provide excellent support for SWF and SVG export. When you export to Flash, you can set the symbol type to MovieClip. Once in Flash, you can choose another type if necessary. You can also specify 9‑slice scaling in Illustrator so that the symbols scale appropriately when used for user interface components.

There are requirements that need a symbol to appear the same, consistently across a project or artwork. However, some may need to represent different attributes or appearances.

Example: An apparel designer may design a new shirt that needs to be shown in a number of different colorways, or arrangement of colors. That shirt can now be defined as a dynamic symbol, and the colors needed to represent the colorways applied. If the design needs to update the shirt design, such as a new collar shape, the shirt symbol can be edited and all instances of that shirt will be automatically updated, but will maintain their any individually-applied, unique colorways.

The Dynamic Symbols feature makes symbols more powerful by allowing use of appearance overrides in its instances, yet keeping its relation with the master symbol intact. Appearance edits include colors, gradients, and patterns.

Advantages of Dynamic Symbols

• Instances of Dynamic Symbols can be modified using the Direct Selection tool.
• When the appearance of an instance is modified, the change does not affect the relationship with the master symbol.
  
• Changes to the appearance of the master symbol reflects in all instances. However, individual edits to instances are retained, too.
  
• A symbol nested within a Dynamic Symbol can be replaced by another symbol. This provides greater flexibility to customize symbols.
• You can select all the dynamic symbols available in a document using the Select > Same command.

Note:

If a Dynamic Symbol is opened in an older version of Illustrator, the symbol is expanded.

After you place a symbol, you can edit the symbol’s instanceson the artboard and, if you want, redefine the original symbol withthe edits. The symbolism tools let you add and manipulate multiplesymbol instances at once.

Selecta symbol in the Symbols panel or a symbol library.

• Click the Place SymbolInstance button inthe Symbols panel to place the instance in the center of the currentviewable area of the document window.

• Drag the symbol to the artboard where you want it to appear.

• Choose Place Symbol Instance from the Symbols panel menu.

  note: Asingle symbol placed anywhere in your artwork (as opposed to existing onlyin the panel) is called an instance.

Note:

While creating Dynamic Symbols, do not include text, placed images, or mesh objects.


• Click the New Symbol button in the Symbols panel.

• Drag the artwork to the Symbols panel.

• Choose New Symbol from the panel menu.

Note:

Bydefault, the selected artwork becomes an instance of the new symbol.If you don’t want the artwork to become an instance, press Shiftas you create the new symbol. In addition, if you don’t want theNew Symbol dialog box to open when you create a new symbol, pressAlt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you create the symboland Illustrator will use a default name for the symbol, such as NewSymbol 1.

In the Symbol Options dialog box, type a name for the symbol.

Select the type of symbol you want to create - Dynamic or Static. The default setting is Dynamic.


(Optional) If you plan to export the symbols to Flash, do the following:

• Select Movie Clip for type. Movie Clip is the default symboltype in Flash and in Illustrator.

• Specify a location on the Registration grid where you wantto set the symbol’s anchor point. The location of the anchor pointaffects the position of the symbol within the screen coordinates.

• Select Enable Guides For 9‑Slice Scaling if you want to utilize9‑Slice scaling in Flash.

Select the Align to Pixel Grid option to apply the pixel-alignproperty to the symbol. For more information, see Aligningsymbols to pixel grid.

Note:

In the Symbols panel, Dynamic Symbols appear with a small plus symbol in the lower-right corner of the icon.

You can create symbols from most Illustrator objects, includingpaths, compound paths, text objects, raster images, mesh objects,and groups of objects. However, you cannot create a symbol fromlinked art or some groups, such as groups of graphs.

Note:

For a video on using symbols effectively between Illustratorand Flash, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0198.

Symbols now have an independent layer hierarchy, whichis maintained when you expand symbols. You can create sublayersfor symbols in symbol editing mode.

Paste Remember Layers option is honored when you paste contentin symbol editing mode.

You can use 9‑slice scaling (scale‑9) tospecify component-style scaling for graphic style and movie clipsymbols. This type of scaling lets you create movie clip symbolsthat scale appropriately for use as user interface components, as opposedto the type of scaling typically applied to graphics and designelements.

The symbol is conceptually divided into nine sections with agrid-like overlay, and each of the nine areas is scaled independently.To maintain the visual integrity of the symbol, corners are notscaled, while the remaining areas of the image are scaled (as opposedto being stretched) larger or smaller, as needed.

The 9‑slice scaling grid is visible only in isolation mode. Bydefault, the grid’s guides are placed at 25% (or 1/4) of the symbol’swidth and height from the edge of the symbol, and appear as dottedlines superimposed on the symbol.

Note:

For more information on using 9‑slice scaling in Flash, seeFlash Help. For videos on using 9‑slice scaling in Illustrator,see www.adobe.com/go/lrvid5210_ai_en.

In Illustrator, you can create 9-slice grid for symbols withrotation, shear, and complex transformations. When you scale a symbol,all the nine areas of the symbol can be scaled independently.

Select the symbol on the artboard or in the Symbolspanel and choose Symbol Options from the panel menu.

In the Symbol Options dialog box, select Movie Clip or Graphicfor Type, and then select Enable Guides For 9‑Slice Scaling.

Note:

You can also enable this option in the Symbol Options dialogbox when creating a new symbol.

To edit the scaling grid for a symbol, open thesymbol in isolation mode by doing one of the following:

• Double-click the symbol in the Symbols panel.

• Select the symbol in the Symbols panel and choose Edit Symbolfrom the panel menu.

To edit the scaling grid for a symbol instance, open theinstance in isolation mode by doing one of the following:

• Double-click the symbol instance on the artboard.

• Select the symbol instance on the artboard and click EditSymbol in the Control panel.

Move the pointer over any of the four guides. When the pointerchanges to the move pointer, drag the guide.

Note:

Scaling stilloccurs if you move a guide away from the symbol boundaries (thusdividing the symbol into less than 9 slices). The symbol scalesaccording to the slice in which it falls.

Exit isolation mode by clicking the Exit Isolation Mode button atthe upper-left corner of the artboard or in the Control panel .

Youcan move, scale, rotate, shear (or skew), or reflect symbolinstances in the same way you can other objects. You can also performany operation from the Transparency, Appearance, and Graphic Stylespanels and apply any effect from the Effect menu. However, if youwant to modify the individual components of a symbol instance, youmust first expand it. Expanding breaks the link betweenthe symbol and the symbol instance and converts the instance toregular artwork.

For videos on selecting and aligning objects, including symbols,see www.adobe.com/go/vid0034 and www.adobe.com/go/vid0035.

Note:

In the Symbols panel, Dynamic Symbols appear with a small plus symbol in the lower-right corner of the icon.

Note:

The options to Replacea symbol instance with a different symbol, break link whenyou Expanda symbol instance, and Resettransformations do not work on symbols in perspective.

After you modify a symbol instance, you can redefine theoriginal symbol in the Symbols panel. When you redefine a symbol,all existing symbol instances take on the new definition.

Click the Break Link To Symbol button inthe Symbols panel or Control panel.

Note:

While editing Dynamic Symbols, do not include text, placed images, or mesh objects.


• To replacethe parent symbol with this edited version, Alt‑drag (Windows) orOption‑drag (Mac OS) the modified symbol on top of theold symbol in the Symbols panel. The symbol is replaced in the Symbolspanel and is updated in the current file.

• To create a new symbol with this edited version, drag themodified symbol to the Symbols panel or click New Symbol inthe Symbols panel.

• Click the Break LinkTo Symbol button inthe Symbols panel or Control panel, or choose Break Link To Symbolfrom the panel menu.

• Choose Object > Expand, and then click OK inthe Expand dialog box.

Illustrator places the componentsof the symbol instance in a group. Once expanded, you can edit theartwork.

Note:

If a Dynamic Symbol is opened in an older version of Illustrator, the symbol is expanded.

If you’ve scaled, rotated, sheared (or skewed), or reflecteda symbol instance and you want to add more instances with exactlythose same modifications, duplicate the modified instance.

• Alt‑drag (Windows)or Option‑drag (Mac OS) the symbol instance to anotherlocation on the artboard.

• Copy and paste the symbol instance.

Note:

If you want to duplicate a symbol in the Symbols panel, forexample to create a new symbol based on an existing symbol, duplicatethe symbol, not the instance. (See Symbolspanel overview.)

• Choose a new symbolfrom the Replace menu in the Control panel.

• Select a new symbol in the Symbols panel, and choose ReplaceSymbol from the Symbols panel menu.

Note:

This option does not work for symbols in perspective. See Addingtext and symbols in perspective.

Select a symbol in the Symbols panel, and then choose SelectAll Instances from the panel menu.

To reset any transformations to symbols, select the symbol and click the Reset button in the Control panel. You can also select the Reset Transformation option from the Symbols panel menu (flyout menu).

You can edit a symbol by changing the symbol’s artworkor you can redefine the symbol by replacing it with new artwork.Editing and redefining a symbol changes the appearance of the symbolin the Symbols panel, as well as all instances of the symbol onthe artboard.

Doone of the following to open the symbol in isolation mode:

• Select an instance of the symbol and click Edit Symbol inthe Control panel. When the Alert box opens, click OK.

• Double-click an instance of the symbol. When the Alert boxopens, click OK.

• Double-click a symbol in the Symbols panel. A temporary instanceof the symbol appears in the center of the artboard.

Exit isolation mode by clicking the Exit Isolation Mode button atthe upper-left corner of the artboard or in the Control panel orpressing Esc.

You can also apply the pixel-align propertyto a symbol. For more information, see Aligningsymbols to pixel grid.

Select the artwork that you want to use to redefinean existing symbol. Make sure to select original artwork and nota symbol instance.

In the Symbols panel, click the symbol you want to redefine,and choose Redefine Symbol from the panel menu.

Note:

The selected artwork automatically becomes an instance ofthe symbol. If you don’t want the selected artwork to become a symbolinstance, press Shift as you choose Redefine Symbol from the panelmenu.

Note:

If you are not able to locate the panel menu,see Usepanel menus.

Symbol libraries are collectionsof preset symbols. When you open a symbol library, it appears ina new panel (not the Symbols panel).

You select, sort, and view items in a symbol library the sameas you do in the Symbols panel. However, you can’t add items to,delete items from, or edit the items in symbol libraries.

• Choose Window >Symbol Libraries > [symbol].

• Choose Open Symbol Library in the Symbols panel menu, andchoose a library from the list that appears.

• Click the Symbols Library Menu button on the Symbols panel,and choose a library from the list that appears.

Note:

To automatically open a library when you startIllustrator, choose Persistent from the library’s panel menu.

A symbol is automatically added to the Symbols panel wheneveryou use it in a document.

Toadd all the symbols from a library, Shift select all the symbolsand choose Add to Symbols from the Symbol Library option menu. Addthe symbols you want in the library to the Symbols panel, and deleteany symbols you don’t want.

Note:

To select allsymbols that aren’t used in a document, choose SelectAll Unused from the Symbols panel menu.

Choose Save Symbol Library from the Symbols panel menu.

Save the new library to the default Symbols folder. The libraryname will automatically appear in the User Defined submenu of theSymbol Libraries and Open Symbol Library menu.

If you savethe library to a different folder, you can open it by choosing Open SymbolLibrary > Other Library from the Symbols panel menu.Once you open it using this process, it will appear in the SymbolLibraries submenu with the other libraries.

Choose Window > Symbol Libraries >Other Library or choose Open Symbol Library > OtherLibrary from the Symbols panel menu.

Select the file from which you want to import symbols, andclick Open.

The symbols appear in a symbol library panel(not the Symbols panel).

Youcan use the Symbols panel (Window > Symbols) or theControl panel to manage the symbols for a document. The Symbolspanel contains a variety of preset symbols. You can add symbolsfrom symbol libraries or libraries that you create. See Symbollibraries for information about using preset symbols.

Select a view option from the panel menu: ThumbnailView to display thumbnails, Small List View to display a list ofnamed symbols with a small thumbnail, or Large List View to displaya list of named symbols along with a large thumbnail.

Drag the symbol to a different position. When a black lineappears in the desired position, release the mouse button.

Select Sort By Name from the panelmenu to list the symbols in alphabetical order.

Duplicating or copying a symbol in the Symbols panel isan easy way to create a new symbol using an existing symbol instance.

To create a copy of a symbol, select the symbol in the Symbolspanel and choose Duplicate Symbol from the panel menu, or drag thesymbol onto the New Symbol button.

Note:

If you want to duplicate a symbol instance on the artboard,for example, if you have scaled and rotated a symbol and want toadd another instance with the same scale and rotation, duplicatethe instance. (See Workwith symbol instances.)

To rename the symbol, select the symbol in theSymbols panel, choose Symbol Options from the panel menu, and thentype a new name in the Symbol Options dialog box.

To rename a symbol instance, select a symbol instance inthe artwork, and then type a new name in the Instance Name textbox in the Control panel.

The symbol registration point in Illustrator is similarto Adobe Flash Professional. A registrationpoint is the origin of the symbol definition art. This feature provides betterinteroperability between Illustrator and Flash.

When you create a symbol, you can choose the registration pointfrom any of the 8-point across boundaries or center of the symbolbounding box. The registration point is visible as a crosshair symbolin Symbol edit mode and in normal mode when the symbol instanceis selected. In isolation mode, you can snap your artwork with registrationpoint mark.

In the Transform panel menu (flyout menu), the Use RegistrationPoint for Symbol option is selected by default. Coordinates of theregistration point are visible in the Transform panel when symbolinstance is selected. All transformations of symbol instances correspondto the registration point of the symbol definition art.

The transformations applied on the symbol instance can be resetusing the Reset Transformation option. For details see Resettransformations.

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